MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF PASTEURELLA MULTOCIDA PFHAB1 GENE FRAGMENT FROM BUFFALO AND CATTLE ISOLATES FROM NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR INDONESIA

Molecular characterization of Pasteurella multocida pfhaB1 gene fragment from buffalo and cattle isolates from Nusa Tenggara Timur Indonesia

Almost all regions in Nusa Tenggara Timur East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) Province Indonesia are endemic areas of Haemorragic Septicaemia (HS), which is caused by Pasteurella multocida (P.multocida ) Serotypes B: 2.The fragment pfhaB1gene is one of the virulence factors of P.multocida.The objective of this study was to determaine the phylogenetic, homolog

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Factors determining semen sample collection and semen quality parameters in African penguins Spheniscus demersus

Abstract Our research focuses on semen collection from 42 African penguin males, grouped by age, habituation levels, and reproductive season timing.We assess behavioral and physiological responses to dorso-abdominal massage, evaluating species-specific seminal traits using conventional and advanced methods.Positive behavioral responses corresponded

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